Subinvolution of Placental Sites (SIPS)

What is it?

After birth, the uterus slowly shrinks back to normal (involution). SIPS happens when the lining of the uterus where the placentas were attached does not heal normally. It is most common in dogs under three years old after their first litter.

What signs should I watch for?

The only sign is bloody discharge from the vulva that lasts longer than expected. Some bloody discharge or spotting is normal for weeks after birth (Merck notes up to 12 to 16 weeks), but in SIPS it lasts much longer. Blood loss is usually not severe. Heavy bleeding after delivery is rare and needs veterinary care.

How is it diagnosed and treated?

Diagnosis is usually based on her history and signs, after ruling out other causes of bleeding. Usually no treatment is needed. Spaying is curative but is only needed if bleeding is severe.

Can it be prevented, and what's the outlook?

It resolves on its own and usually does not recur.