Osteoarthritis

What is it?

Osteoarthritis is a slowly worsening joint disease in which the protective cartilage wears down, causing pain, stiffness, and bony changes. It often follows joint problems like hip dysplasia or a ligament injury and is common in older and overweight dogs.

What signs should I watch for?

Signs to watch for include stiffness after rest, especially in the morning; trouble with stairs, jumping, or getting into the car; limping or slowing down on walks; licking a joint, irritability when touched; and muscle loss in the hind legs.

How is it diagnosed and treated?

Diagnosis is based on a physical and orthopedic exam, often confirmed with X-rays. Care is multimodal: pain-relieving medications, weight control, joint-supporting diets or supplements, controlled exercise, physical rehabilitation, and sometimes surgery.

Can it be prevented, and what's the outlook?

• Arthritis can't be reversed, but keeping dogs lean and active can slow it and greatly improve comfort.
• Non-slip flooring and ramps help at home.