Diabetes Mellitus

What is it?

Diabetes occurs when the body doesn't make enough insulin, so sugar builds up in the blood instead of fueling cells. Dogs almost always need insulin for life. Middle-aged and older dogs, females, and overweight dogs are at higher risk.

What signs should I watch for?

Signs to watch for include drinking and urinating more, increased hunger with weight loss, cloudy eyes from cataracts, lethargy, and vomiting or weakness (may signal an emergency).

How is it diagnosed and treated?

Diagnosis requires persistently high blood sugar and sugar in the urine. Treatment combines insulin injections, a consistent diet and feeding schedule, and regular glucose monitoring.

Can it be prevented, and what's the outlook?

• Many diabetic dogs live good lives with steady routines.
• Keeping your dog lean lowers risk.
• Untreated diabetes can lead to a life-threatening state called ketoacidosis.