Metritis (Uterine Infection After Birth)

Painted illustration of metritis in a cat after giving birth

What is it?

Metritis is inflammation of the uterus after pregnancy, usually from a bacterial infection. A prolonged or difficult delivery, or a retained kitten or placenta, can lead to it. It usually develops within three days of giving birth.

What signs should I watch for?

The main sign is a pus-like, foul-smelling discharge from the vulva. The cat is dull and lethargic, has a fever, refuses food, and may ignore her kittens, which may become restless and cry constantly. She may drink more and vomit, and her belly may be tender.

How is it diagnosed and treated?

Your veterinarian will diagnose it with an exam, X-rays or ultrasound, and laboratory tests. Treatment includes intravenous fluids, supportive care, and antibiotics, and medication may be given to help expel a retained kitten or placenta. Severely ill cats may need to be spayed once stable enough for anesthesia.

Can it be prevented, and what's the outlook?

If future litters are not wanted and the infection is not severe, she can be spayed after she finishes nursing.
A veterinary check of the mother and litter within 24 hours of delivery helps make sure no kittens remain.

Reviewed by the Adler Veterinary Hospital veterinary team, October 2026.

Cats in the first few days after giving birth

Who's at risk:

Foul pus-like discharge, fever, not eating, ignoring kittens

Main signs:

Emergency — see a vet now

Urgency:

When to call a vet right away