Diabetes Mellitus

What is it?

In cats, diabetes usually occurs because the body stops responding well to insulin, similar to type 2 diabetes in people. Overweight, older, and male cats are at higher risk.

What signs should I watch for?

Signs to watch for include increased thirst and urination; weight loss with a good or big appetite; weakness in the back legs or a flat-footed stance; and lethargy, vomiting (may signal an emergency).

How is it diagnosed and treated?

Diagnosis is based on persistently high blood and urine sugar. Treatment generally involves insulin injections, a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet, and regular monitoring.

Can it be prevented, and what's the outlook?

• Some cats, especially when treated early and brought to a healthy weight, go into remission and no longer need insulin.
• Keeping your cat lean is the best prevention.